He had led an Indian ambulance corps of about a thousand volunteers for nearly six weeks during the Anglo-Boer War. His famous hunger strikes and message of nonviolence helped to unite the country. Karamchand was the name of his father. I really liked your explanation of how Gandhi was willing to do anything for his people. His letter is very emotional, describing his fight with his people, and how he blindly served for the people of India. The honorific title. India honours leaders of freedom movements. You, on the other hand, are the sons of the soil who are being robbed of your inheritance. Hermann Kallenbach, an associate of Gandhi, spoke of their identification with Africans in an interview in June 1937: “A black man may not use tramcars, so we walked together for miles. While there, be mindful of the lesser-known facts of his life and his attempts to instill nonviolence in all of India's struggles. After remarking this statement he notifies Viceroy that many will be there to resist the Salt tax and fight, although peacefully, for change. Mahatma Gandhi’s image has appeared on all denominations of Indian rupees printed since 1996. Even though the salary was a mere 100 pounds a year, Gandhi accepted the offer in the hope of finding better opportunities in South Africa. In 1906, he committed a blunder which proved to be a blessing. While this may appear as pathos at first, it uses logic to show the effects of all types of love. I appreciated your attention to Gandhi’s repetition of truth in the logos aspect of your analysis. He gave them a chance to become “good guys” in their own light while maintaining their pride. He wants his country to be fair towards all people, rich and poor. Gandhi did not understand the nature or scope of the rebellion. While using pathos, he wants to reach the human side of Viceroy Lord Irwin. He speaks for all of the Indians that it us unfair and cruel, and to add taxation on top will only hurt the country. Either Hindus and Moslems would learn to live together or he would die in the attempt. In opposing the system of import of indentured labour from India, Gandhi pointed out that it was detrimental to the interests of the Africans. He founded the weekly Indian Opinion in 1903. With that said, please write in a way that makes you feel comfortable and do not shy away from giving us your honest impressions. Additionally, he gave the audience a unique option with the way he went about his composition of the letter. Two national holidays celebrate patriotism in India: Independence Day and Republic Day. I enjoyed the depth of your points with logos, ethos, and pathos. An urn that once contained Mahatma Gandhi's ashes is now at a shrine in Los Angeles, California. He uses certain words like love, serve, non-violence, justice, truth, fairly, equally, sacred, and humility in a way that highlight the things he values and strives for. (Continued) Gandhi referred to many “evils” done by the British towards the people of India. The recent events at the University of Legon should not be allowed to undermine that friendship. Sexist: If a certain way. The most important as well as the most impressive thing that Gandhi does is actually not what he does, but the way he does it. When you are closing your heart, sit down and write this feeling letter. Credit: Wikimedia Commons. The recent agitation at the University of Legon in Ghana for the removal of a statue of Mahatma Gandhi was provoked by a few statements made by the young Gandhi soon after he arrived in South Africa in 1893, long before he came to know the Africans. Voicemail. Gandhi demanded fair treatment for the untouchables, India’s lowest caste; he underwent several fasts to support the cause. India imposed sanctions against South Africa in 1946 and earned the hostility of the western powers. Logic helps develop the letter, it is used to highlight the intent, planned action, and the desired results. Your inclusion of many quotes and lines were very clarifying to the explanation. This comes up many times in the writing, Gandhi makes it clear that this salt tax is unethical and problematic.Gandhi slightly taps into ethos and pathos towards the beginning, he says how he wants to serve Britain’s people and that he has love for them. I liked how in your blog you spent the most time on the ethos, which in this letter, was definitely the most important. “I feel so much better.” “‘I feel so much better.’ If you know someone who is depressed and they suddenly start making statements like this, they [may] have decided to die…” — Stephu C. 16. He proves this by writing “ I have no desire to cause you unnecessary embarrassment, or any at all, so far as I can help.” By including this point at the very end he makes sure after making all his arguments that Viceroy will still consider his ideas. It’s simply written, yet very insightful. However, I think in order to grasp exactly how Gandhi grew on his ethos, you should have used clues,such as through direct quotations, as evidence. In 1910, there were discussions on the formation of a national body to defend African rights. One piece of constructive criticism I would give is to remember that rhetorical tools are used to boost ethos, pathos, and logos, but they are not the tools themselves. You explained his message and purpose in a way that was easy to understand, and that made your blog very enjoyable to read. Still under the umbrella of non-violence, Gandhi continues to work his rhetorical skill as he employs the use of enthymemes to illustrate to Lord Irwin what his goal is and what the various consequences will be if he does not comply. Much of his time spent with the last few paragraphs of the letter were commuted to reinforcing his serious argument. I love the quote that you used, and you were able to tie it in with your analysis of the letter very well. Ethos, or the establishment of character, is used heavily by Gandhi in the 1930’s letter. It states” But the victories of truth have never been won without risks”. Nelson Mandela wrote in an article in Time magazine on December 31, 1999: “His awakening came on the hilly terrain of the so-called Bambatha rebellion… British brutality against the Zulus roused his soul against violence as nothing had done before. He wrote in an article in 1995, “Gandhi must be forgiven those prejudices and judged in the context of the time and circumstances. Gandhi’s declaration that India’s freedom must lead to freedom of other oppressed people formed the basis of the foreign policy of India after independence. He says that the conversion of a nation that has preyed upon another nation is worth any risk that must be taken. Gandhi fought for much more than independence. There are streets named after Mandela, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Martin Luther King Jr. and Kwame Nkrumah. 15. Gandhi indirectly suggests that he has the “gravest character” through his acts and involvement with his fellow Indian citizens.Pathos, the emotional charge of rhetoric, calls upon personal experiences and projects those emotions and feelings at the audience, in this instance, Viceroy Lord Irwin of British representation. For example, in this letter he uses words such as evil, stress, and unhappy repeatedly. One will reap as one sows.” (Indian Opinion, October 22, 1910), He also praised African leaders. The educated Christian Africans, who were known as ‘kholwa’, sometimes called the illiterate Africans kaffirs. All throughout his writing, he uses his words to cast the shadow of non-violence over everything that he says. “India is Gandhi’s country of birth; South Africa his country of adoption. Great job this week Alex! He states all throughout the letter of how this does not promote the common good of the people. Many people don't know he was married at age 13 and had four sons before taking a vow of celibacy. He is known to be a civilian belonging to the country of India, that much is already true, even with the absence of direct allusion. Gandhi states that he has no desire for embarrassment or or ill will toward the British people, so far as he can help. However, I disagree with the idea that he wished to invoke fear in lines 46-51. India may have achieved independence in 1947, however, the British were still heavily involved on the subcontinent. Gandhi goes back and forth between reassuring his reader that both the Indian and British people are important variables to him; neither ethnicity is more valued to him than the other. But Gandhi possessed no malice. He says that from a poor mans view, he will “disregard the provisions of the salt laws.” He has clearly stated his standpoint on this topic. Gandhi is using a great deal of pathos in his argument by bringing Viceroy up from the surface to become accountable for his party’s actions, which were supporting the tax on salt. I absolutely love how there are so many complex messages creating the backbone of this seemingly simple blog. He is well known for his speeches being well thought out and well executed, and this is well illustrated throughout his letter. Truth and nonviolence are as old as the hills.”. Megan, I thought your essay was very complete in how well you covered the various rhetorical tools Gandhi used. Gandhi’s main objective in life is to serve his people. Martin Luther King, Jr. wrote the letter from Birmingham Jail on April 16, 1963 in the margins of a newspaper while incarcerated. “It is, I know, open to you to frustrate my design by arresting me. Gandhi’s message within the parchment folds of his letter oozed with the remnants of a determined man’s battle for peace. Therefore, I am having it specially delivered by a young English friend who believes in the Indian cause and is a full believer in non-violence [...],” this ending statement of the letter by Gandhi ties everything together. Gandhi does not spare his aggressiveness, he flat out tells Lord Irwin about how unnecessary and pointless the act is. A few facts about the life of Mahatma Gandhi are surprising. The British government wouldn't allow official photos of Gandhi while he was fasting, for fear of further fueling the push for independence. Here he is, Gandhi, dabbling with a significant quantity of adherence to making his ethos clearly present. For example, the letter states “ You have unnecessarily laid stress upon communal problems that unhappily affect this land”. Ange, this is a really great blog! He is very clear about his dedication as well. In New Delhi, the capital of India, there exists an Africa Avenue. By using ethos, he claims the people of India have put up with the salt monopoly for far too long. Although, the strongest use of pathos in his letter happens to be his cry for conversion of the British people. Gandhi’s ethos is a crucial and essential part to this whole letter, in which he finds himself receiving the support of the people to protest this salt taxation. ". Through nonviolence he wanted to lead the country through a conversion that would benefit the people. While he does indeed, include far more cries for justice and impassioned remarks to prove his devotion to India, Gandhi displays a plethora of logical statements to strengthen his argument. He stands up for his country and fights with his words, using emotion and logic to make himself clear. Finally, Ghandi uses logic to reach out to his audience and make an understanding with them. He also establishes his character by reassuring the reader that he only wants to help, and not make him feel shame. Great job! He speaks of love, sacrifice, and freedom. This theme, stated both implicitly and explicitly, is scattered all throughout his letter. A merchant in Durban offered him a one-year job to assist his lawyer in a litigation. Gandhi lived for 21 years in South Africa. Gandhi settled in Transvaal as an attorney and developed a flourishing practice, earning as much as 5,000 pounds a year. A black man may not use a hotel lift and bathroom, so both of us gladly left the use of both. I loved the section in which you described Gandhi’s use of pathos. He certainly got this point across by using the rhetorical appeals, pathos, ethos, and logos, along with the techniques that go with them. He never sought to impose his leadership over the African people, the sons of the soil, but presented them with the example of satyagraha as a means of deliverance from oppression. “For my ambition is no less than to convert the British people through non-violence, and thus to make them see the wrong they have done to India,” Mohandas Gandhi states in his letter to Lord Irwin, imploring him to remove the Salt tax. Although, I wish you would’ve hit upon all the appeals Gandhi used since your description of ethos was so well done! Gandhi with the stretcher-bearers of the Indian Ambulance Corps during the Boer War, South-Africa. Peace and the freedom from a hazardous tax on India’s salt. He makes his point more legit and attractive by requesting Viceroy to either avoid confrontation that would lead to the shut down of the Salt March or to give in to the demands of the Salt Act. What makes a good speech? Lastly, Gandhi enthymemactically walks him through how he can respond to the letter and end all of this. They offered 300 pounds a year in retainers. Ghandi knew the British’s intentions with the “Salt tax”. Whether you are a college student or a professional who writes on a regular basis, you will want to be prepared with an understanding of these two viewpoints and the know-how to make them work for you. He starts off with some logos by stating how the salt tax is affecting others and is unjust. You also do a good job of describing Gandhi's thought process for how he will get the government to remove the tax. This sentence is setting the tone for the entire letter. When digging deeper into the matter, it was a real issue, the tax on salt was unfair. In Line 41, Gandhi reaches out Viceroy in a way that seems a tad accusatory. This repetition really gets his point across and makes the reader also feel these emotions. In Mahatma Gandhi’s letter protesting the salt tax to Lord Irwin, he showed great skill in the art of language. He knows he could easily go to jail for making this kind of statement and leading the protest, but he makes it known that this cause is so important he is willing to be locked up for it. He declared in an address to the YMCA in 1908: “South Africa would probably be a howling wilderness without the Africans…”, “If we look into the future, is it not a heritage we have to leave to posterity that all the different races commingle and produce a civilisation that perhaps the world has not yet seen.”, “The whites… have occupied the country forcibly and appropriated it to themselves. These statements were published in the Gujarati section of Indian Opinion in order to rouse respect towards Africans. Gandhi clearly shows Irwin that he wants peace, he wasn't justice in a peaceful way. However, its presence is especially noted towards the end of the letter. Gandhi also brings the emotion of love into question in this letter to affect Viceroy’s emotion towards his plan. This implies that while he wishes for a peacefully handled situation, he cannot speak for the rest of his nation. “But the victories of truth have never been won without risks, often of the gravest character.” Mohandas Gandhi was surely a grave character indeed. Gandhi's impactful words make his message loud and clear, while also building him up as a rhetor. He determined on that battlefield to wrest himself of all material attachments and devote himself completely and totally to eliminating violence and serving humanity.”. But when my eyes were opened and I conceived non-co-operation, the object still was to serve them.” By using such strong words, Gandhi is attempting to prove to Lord Irwin that he does not seek violence, but only justice. He highlights the evils (primarily the salt tax) that are damaging the Indian people. Gandhi wrote this letter, in which we are focusing on the conclusion, and it is very impactful. Your post introduced a deeper meaning, and the severity, of the salt taxation. As Nelson Mandela had said in February 2007: “In a world driven by violence and strife, Gandhi’s message of peace and nonviolence holds the key to human survival in the 21st century. Way its animals are treated taxation is having devotion to his brother that he only wants to handle civil.. College for Africans well thought out and well executed, and pathos cares about them section! He didn ’ t want his reader himself a temporary settler of ethos was so well done than two people! 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