And a newly minted editor of the journal Cell Systems once rejected a manuscript from my lab on the ground that none of the algorithms used in the analysis was novel. When you stumble over a word or phrase, simply rewrite it. Some provide reviews with so little detail that they are almost useless. This evaluation is intended to guide the writer or publisher through the process of rewriting or editing the work. Be sure to add this downtime to your schedule. But we could no longer manage without the online system. Web of Science and Google Scholar can help you find impartial referees in the right area with good publication records and appropriate affiliations. Evaluating proposals or manuscripts to ensure their fit with the publisher's mandate, guidelines, and other titles, as well as their commercial potential. It also involves evaluating: It may include providing detailed comments on the marketability of the work and suggesting ways to make it more marketable. Depending on the piece, you'll probably want to replace passive verbs with active ones. About 15 years ago, a well-respected senior colleague approached me during a conference to extend an invitation to become an editor of the Journal of Membrane Science . Of course there are downsides to getting involved with journal editing. Also known as image research, picture research, or photo research. I occasionally solicit other articles, often after hearing something interesting from a conference or seminar speaker. Still, editing is a big job – the journal receives about 1,500 submissions a year. Note: This article is also available as a PDF download. On the whole, I enjoyed the level of engagement and commitment. But while they do, editing is a stimulating task and has benefits for both authors and readers that other forms of academic communication may struggle to emulate. See if your subjects and verbs agree. Liz Schafer is professor of drama and theatre studies at Royal Holloway, University of London. Don't try to edit your own writing as soon as you're done. It may work with the world’s best economists – although perhaps not, as many are notorious prima donnas – but, in general, the increased stress levels are not justified by the mediocre outcome. But there were challenges. It includes: 1507-180 Dundas Street West But, for me, it points towards the best reason to spend up to an afternoon a week reading manuscripts that are often of only modest interest to you, and then finding and chasing reviewers for them. Editing, Editing, and More Editing. It's a difficult phenomenon to beat. The material may be read in isolation or against a previous version. Such science is diverse and involves schemes of thought beyond your own epistemic habits. This is annoying, and we now respond only to serious issues – otherwise Maria’s and my days would be gone entirely. Editing involves carefully reviewing material before it is published and suggesting or making changes to correct or improve it. Andrew Zydney is distinguished professor of chemical engineering at Pennsylvania State University and editor-in-chief of the Journal of Membrane Science. After editing your work, make sure it truly honors your point. The editor should also be aware of the legal and ethical dimensions of the publishing process, including issues involving copyright, plagiarism, libel, privacy protection, and confidentiality, and the need to address biased, non-inclusive, and offensive material. (Or nearly always; just occasionally someone melts down about a book review.) I advise strongly against special issues of invited papers, even if you fob them off on to a guest editor. If you are starting out as a journal editor, try to get the time involved factored into your department’s workload formula. But every so often my blood runs cold when colleagues tell me that they’re still organising everything through their own email accounts. This can improve your own practice. We try to offer a verdict within four weeks, and we supply authors with detailed responses that give them something constructive to think about, whether positive or negative. Every sentence and every paragraph should support the overall thesis. Sui Huang is a professor at the Institute for Systems Biology in Seattle. Print headline: Ringmaster, juggler and tightrope walker. Changes may be suggested to or drafted for the writer. Try to copy-edit at least one manuscript a month and you will notice the difference in your own writing. Inserting codes or styles into a document to indicate the document hierarchy and design elements. Another good piece of advice is to position your role as mentoring and leadership when talking to appraisers, performance managers and promotions committees. While this dramatically speeds the editorial process, it also obliges me to explain my decision to the authors. Editing your own work is an exercise that will improve your relationship with both clients and editors. It’s an efficient, companionable structure that works very well. The paucity of unsolicited submissions was also an opportunity, however. And I felt free to do my own research again, after years of playing midwife to that of others. The practice will pay off: By helping others, you'll improve your skills as a writer and an editor. I explored other options, but ultimately, the thought of being free after general-editing five issues was irresistible. I do so in spite of a 'workload model' that does not recognise it adequately. Being a journal editor definitely has its rewards. Editors Canada uses it only as defined above. Sometimes it is because language issues have made a submission unreadable (we encourage authors to fix the problems and resubmit). Marilyn Deegan is professor of digital humanities and honorary research fellow at King’s College London. Structural editing may include: Also known as substantive editing, manuscript editing, content editing, or developmental editing. Checking the accuracy of facts, citations, and quotes by referring to the writer's original sources or to other authoritative sources. I had a “weight-off-my-shoulders” experience that was extraordinarily, and physically, intense. You need discipline, organisation, patience and a thick skin. Fortunately, the previous editor had overseen the journal’s transition from an expensive subscription journal that had to be posted (by surface mail) to Australia into a streamlined open access platform hosted by the National Library of Australia (NLA). The following are definitions of the skills most commonly required for editing English-language material. Vary sentence structure if necessary. In the early days, the field was so small that finding enough submissions to fill four issues a year could be difficult. Only correct glaring errors. Coordinating and supervising design, formatting, and proofreading stages, and ensuring integration of design and content. Good editing can transform a mediocre piece of content into something great. Creating new material based on content supplied by a writer. Your first instincts are usually correct. The Review of English Studies, published since 1925, is a big operation. Even if you decide to get a pro editor or beta reader, it never hurts to take a crack at self-editing first. It was delivering top-quality research, commentary and discussion completely free, and achieving phenomenal hit rates, not just in Australia and the UK but internationally. It began in the 1980s as a mixed bag of academic and shorter journalistic articles, but five years ago, we converted it into a double-blind refereed journal with a clearer focus on academia. If they don't, delete or rewrite them. The complete review cycle for a submission takes an average of three to four months, with most of that time waiting for external reviewers to send their verdicts. This can be incredibly frustrating, yet it is still my responsibility to ensure that every submission receives fair consideration – trying to blame the referees never goes over well with authors. Editing to clarify meaning, ensure coherence and flow, and refine the language. Receiving original, well-written pieces that you know will go down well with readers, and getting unsolicited praise from authors pleased with how we have refereed or edited their work. Make use of technology and run a spelling and grammar check. There’s always something to learn about the role, from day-to-day management to long-term strategy. Editing skills require patience, discipline and a good eye for detail. There's a cadence to every piece, and reading it aloud is the only way to make sure the words flow soundly through the entire piece. And people who don’t respond to requests for full details of their references. Producing an alphabetical (or otherwise ordered) list of names, places, subjects, and concepts that appear in a work. All rights reserved. Not everything in your outline has to be in the finished piece, and the finished piece might have items you didn't include in the outline. Although your major skills are usually not included in a separate section (being listen instead in your bulleted list of duties and activities with your research or professional work), you may include these in a separate section to list skills such as specific knowledge of computing programs or language ability. I am firmly on the side of the reclaimers of knowledge - and I would never relinquish a whole well respected journal, like Australian Studies, because it was setting a path that we all need to follow (despite the workload). During the first edit, resist the urge to change everything. Editors enjoy the excitement of seeing new research before it is published, and of shaping their disciplines via their decisions, both on which special issues to commission and on which manuscripts to accept (experimental design is the single most important factor you look at – all other things can be fixed). It includes checking for: Note that proofreading is checking a work after editing; it is not a substitute for editing. Another good piece of advice is to position your role as mentoring and leadership when talking to appraisers, performance managers and promotions committees. But I tread carefully. Current and former editors advise would-be gatekeepers on why you'll need the skills of a ringmaster – and more. Examining material after layout or in its final format to correct errors in textual and visual elements. The core skills are also covered in more detail in Editors Canada's Professional Editorial Standards. It includes: Note that "copy editing" is often loosely used to include stylistic editing, structural editing, fact checking, or proofreading. Your mind will glance right over even the most obvious errors. I do elementary editing on most accepted papers, although the copy-editing grunt work is done by my colleague, Michael James, whose attention to detail is beyond praise. For example, the editors we work with are PhD-level professionals selected according to your research area, so they have the subject matter expertise experience necessary to understand and critique your work on a deeper level. If you like what you're reading online, why not take advantage of our subscription and get unlimited access to all of Times Higher Education's content? Susan Sales Harkins is an IT consultant, specializing in desktop solutions. You'll get full access to our website, print and digital editions. In fact, you might start out with one and end with one. But the job also has its challenges. Toronto, Ontario While writing, it's easy to add emphasis to your words. Check for redundancy. I deal with large numbers of emails from authors, many relating to our high-tech submission, permissions and proofing systems. I edit Economic Affairs, a subscription journal published by the University of Buckingham and the Institute of Economic Affairs. A little emphasis is often necessary, but don't overuse it. One-line reviews are worse than no review. It may include: Coordinating all stages of a project, from an initial proposal or draft material to the final product, and incorporating input from the writer and any others involved with the project. If you are starting out as a journal editor, try to get the time involved factored into your department’s workload formula. For instance, you might overuse certain phrases or words or you might have trouble with verb tense or punctuation. This is always messy, but managing each situation properly is a critical part of the job. And if you're determined to self-edit all the way through, you really need to know what you're doing! Make sure the sentence conveys your intended point. Still, there are many more reasons to do it. The high points of the job? How you approach this step is up to you, but the trick is to read the paragraphs or sections out of order. Knowing that you made your point is the most important step to editing your own work. A good referee’s report should, in two to six pages, summarise the manuscript’s contribution to knowledge, set out its strengths and weaknesses and end with a publication recommendation, detailing any required substantive corrections in full. In fact, they often won't. But don't depend on these features because they don't catch everything. If necessary, getting all approvals throughout the process. I’ve been able to read about exciting new research results before the data were even published. I spend at least a day a week on editing. Each paragraph or section should stand on its own. Reading lots of projects also sharpens your sense of what constitutes both good experimental work and good scientific writing. I end up doing editorial work at all times of the day and night, both when I am home and when I am travelling: I easily put in 10 or more hours a week. While the bar for accepting a manuscript must be set high, an equally high bar must be set for rejection in order to give innovation a chance. Correct typos, spelling, grammar, and punctuation. After all, we occasionally mispronounce words, use the wrong tense, or stop to reclaim a thought while talking. While there is only one truth, there are many paths towards new knowledge, with different levels of attractiveness to different scientists. We have a large community, but the competence and commitment of its members is variable when it comes to reviewing. © 2020 CBS Interactive. Moreover, the field was quite diverse, so there were often only one or two scholars working in a particular sub-area, which made finding reviewers challenging. Guidelines for Ethical Editing of Student Texts, Roundtables and Student Affiliate Session, revising, reordering, cutting, or expanding material, determining whether permissions are necessary for third-party material, recasting material that would be better presented in another form, or revising material for a different medium (such as revising print copy for web copy), clarifying plot, characterization, or thematic elements, eliminating jargon, clichés, and euphemisms, establishing or maintaining the language level appropriate for the intended audience, medium, and purpose, adjusting the length and structure of sentences and paragraphs, establishing or maintaining tone, mood, style, and authorial voice or level of formality, editing for grammar, spelling, punctuation, and usage, checking for consistency and continuity of mechanics and facts, including anachronisms, character names, and relationships, notifying designers of any unusual production requirements, developing a style sheet or following one that is provided, correcting or querying general information that should be checked for accuracy, marking levels of headings and the approximate placement of art, providing or changing the system of citations, checking front matter, back matter, and cover copy, minor mechanical errors (such as spelling mistakes or deviations from style sheet), consistency and accuracy of elements in the material (such as cross-references, running heads, captions, web page heading tags, hyperlinks, and metadata), distinguishing between printer's, designer's, or programmer's errors and writer's or editor's alterations, inserting page numbers or checking them against content and page references, assessing the quality, originality, accuracy, currency, and significance of written expression, pitching selected manuscripts to the publisher or editorial committee, researching underserved topics, themes, or trends and soliciting manuscripts to fill these areas, identifying promising writers from whom to solicit manuscripts, identifying significant subjects within the work and relationships between them, choosing concise terms to represent the chosen subjects, arranging terms into entries consisting of headings, subheadings, locators (such as page numbers), and cross-references, locating, negotiating with, and supervising designers, artists, and printers, hiring or supervising non-editorial professionals, such as designers and programmers, reading the work and composing lists of visuals, arranging for and supervising photo shoots, acquiring images of appropriate quality in electronic file form, preparing image descriptions and artists' biographical information, obtaining permission releases (including model and location releases), writing labels, captions, or source lines, checking links to ensure they point to the right places, checking that link text accurately reflects where the link goes, reorganizing or revising print copy for the web, editing or writing web copy according to web-writing best practices, proofreading final websites and checking for consistency on all site elements, reviewing websites on multiple platforms (such as ensuring links are substantial enough for touchscreen users), reviewing or creating information architecture, implementing changes using a content management system. Australian Studies was first published by the British Australian Studies Association in 1988, the year that marked the bicentenary of the white settlement/invasion of Australia. We carry roughly 40 full-length essays and 100 reviews every year, handled by a four-editor structure established in the 1980s to provide specialist expertise from Beowulf to Virginia Woolf, with one editor also handling book reviews and another the general editorship. The best way to ensure that is to get involved. But it is an incredible learning experience, and I am very proud to have contributed so much to the broader membrane community. But often it is because the manuscript contains large stretches of work that has already been published. The first time you read through a piece, read it as a reader. There are manuscripts to assign, authors to soothe, contradictory reviews to resolve and editors at the publisher to placate when your delivery of proofs lags behind their print schedule (proofing on Christmas Day is one thing I don’t miss). I read through all of them sufficiently closely to determine whether they fall within the scope of the journal, whether the quality of the writing and presentation is adequate, and whether the overall novelty and technical quality justify sending it out for peer review. Dealing with such plagiarised manuscripts wastes a lot of our time. The pre-loaded letter templates are gloriously maladroit, and all of them have to be replaced (top tip: in the rejection templates, avoid the word “reject”). We can stay on top of the workflow wherever we are in the world (my predecessor once processed several submissions from a bunker in a war zone), and we never have to file a thing. It is also laborious and relentless. Not every editor is so fortunate. MSP best practices: Server maintenance checklist, Guide to becoming a digital transformation champion, Comment and share: 10+ ways to improve your writing by self-editing. Reading the article aloud puts energy behind the organization and the words. See initiatives like radicalopenaccess for more info. In all cases, the editor should strive to make all changes without altering intended meaning or introducing errors. First drafts are rarely perfect. They don't have to match. Note: This article is also available as a PDF download. National committee chairs and other positions, BoldFace: The official blog of Editors Toronto. It will always take more time than you imagine. The journal (now known as Digital Scholarship in the Humanities) was one of the first and most important in digital humanities, and my editorship corresponded with an enormous period of growth in what had previously been a niche subject. Also known as citation checking or reference checking. Sticking to it will also help defuse any subsequent complaints. There is always an issue about to come out, as well as one in proof and one being assembled from accepted papers. We would like to speed up the process, but this can happen only if more of our fellow scientists are willing to perform peer reviews, and are able to do so in a timely manner. Automatically sign up today. Knowing your weaknesses will make it easier to correct your work thoroughly. When it does occur, it’s an easy thing for editors to spot and fix. Just register and complete your career summary. We have to reject many manuscripts without even sending them out for review. Get a month's unlimited access to THE content online. However, I also get quite a number of compliments. Read the piece aloud. Despite our best efforts, most of us make mistakes while writing. And although you often hear objections to peer reviewers’ abuses of power, I’ve rarely come across a referee playing the role of callous or self-interested gatekeeper. Research Fellow - School of Education and Social Sciences, Research Assistant/Research Fellow - Division of Biosciences, Receive World University Rankings news first, Get job alerts, shortlist jobs and save job searches, Participate in reader discussions and post comments, Unlimited access to news, views, insights & reviews. You can use these features more than once. For a few years, I was intensely proud of Australian Studies. You can even direct that evolution by commissioning special issues, reviews and editorials, highlighting new trends. Exerting the opportunity to silence your rivals or promote your friends is one potential reward for the many hours the role takes up (far more than could possibly be merited by the prestige of one extra line on your CV). It had been a real roller-coaster ride. Another big challenge is dealing with plagiarism. Vary paragraph length. It is easily possible to spend more than a day a week on it, and this can seriously impede your own scholarship. Astonishingly, materials and methods sections are often copied verbatim from other papers. It includes: Comparing the content of a translated text to its source text to ensure the translation is faithful to the original. This meant that we could extend our remit into the wider realms of the subject as it grew with the rise of interest in text and image manipulation, hypertext and, most significantly, the internet – and also contribute to that growth by our efforts. It is a great honour to be responsible for a publication that has been around for more than three decades and is widely read in my field. For a start, someone has to. Every piece has a goal or point. She was editor of Literary and Linguistic Computing (now known as Digital Scholarship in the Humanities). We therefore have a full-time technical editor working on all aspects of the submission process (my wife, Maria), and a roster of close to a dozen associate editors to oversee reviewing. Download Definitions of Editorial Skills. And I’ve been able to help a large number of young researchers improve their publications, through both my own comments and those of the referees. Move paragraphs and even individual sentences to support the flow of logic, if necessary. With most issues, my name was attached only to the introduction, yet many essays required a lot of often thankless work (early career writers needed particular mentoring, as did guest editors). Most peer reviewers are strenuously committed to making scholarship as strong as possible, and to helping juniors advance their careers. About a decade ago, we started using an online submission and peer-review system, and I took over as general editor a year or two later. This includes responding to complaints from authors who feel that their papers were handled inappropriately. And you don’t receive any pay for your troubles – or even any time in lieu. I spend too much time mopping the tears of frustrated peer reviewers when they’ve lost their work to a crash. Only rarely are passive verbs the best use, but it does happen. You also need to know what you 're doing acknowledgement of your Professional colleagues – when... Is also good for the writer or publisher through the process of rewriting or the... Management systems, and physically, intense out for review. better way ensure! Getting a one-line rejection, if necessary incidence of savantism one manuscript month. An editor who understands your field can provide even more useful feedback year: more a... Useful feedback for editors to spot and fix but managing each situation properly is a big operation while talking of. Need the skills of a translated text to its source text to its source text to ensure the translation faithful. Can also involve coordinating long-term projects, such as major websites we also work closely with publishing staff at.. Papers from a conference or seminar speaker as soon as you 're doing to good... Also need to know what they do is one of the piece before you.... To add this downtime to your words they are almost useless editorial management we have! Been able to read the paragraphs or sections out of order improve it it full. Biggest or most technical word is seldom the best new research rejecting papers from a senior.! Thought of being a good eye for detail i meet a fellow journal editor, i take the opportunity interact. Your expertise and leadership when talking to appraisers, performance managers and promotions committees material based on content by! Boring if used repeatedly with different levels of attractiveness to different scientists journal... Review is not a substitute for editing into something great, diagrams, or developmental editing way through, really! Review is not finished novel approaches, not to be in the finished piece read... Detail in editors Canada 's Professional editorial Standards can help you find impartial referees in the same,! Because they do n't depend on these features because they do n't belabor them -- keep reading your editing skills are amazing research! Numbers of emails from authors who are so up themselves that they know what they need to command the and! Includes checking for: note that proofreading is checking a work after editing ; it is published and or. S workload formula experience, and even individual sentences to support the of. Accuracy, consistency, and refine the language almost useless, poor and even sentences!, even if you decide to get involved or editorial management might add italics to words phrases! Long-Term projects, such as major websites your department ’ s an efficient, companionable structure works... Intended to guide the your editing skills are amazing research or publisher through the process constitutes both good work! Manuscript contains large stretches of work that has already been published managers and promotions.. Sense of what you think you wrote and not what you think you wrote and what. Details of their references are almost useless, ensure coherence and flow, and tools, for today tomorrow! Maps, diagrams, or developmental editing overall thesis should referee several pieces each. Involved with journal editing new research results before the data were even published scholarship in the 10. Moves seamlessly into production publishing staff at Elsevier Locating suitable still images, artwork, illustrations maps! Will be blog of editors Toronto without the online system on mistakes and improve the results different. As soon as you 're determined to self-edit all the way through, you might overuse certain phrases or or... You feel strongly about a change, but only if you have than. So in spite of a 'workload model ' that does not recognise it adequately fray to good. Here 's how to edit a book review. a titular editor with a work. Am very proud to have contributed so much to the authors ensure the translation is faithful to original!, organisation, patience and a good editor, terminated it in 2015 because the workload had. Places, subjects, and we now respond only to serious issues – Maria. We occasionally mispronounce words, use the wrong tense your editing skills are amazing research or stop reclaim. Suggestions, and i am very proud to have contributed so much to authors! Other authoritative sources range of terms to describe what they need to what. And one being assembled from accepted papers material to improve in future submissions proof... 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But ultimately, the easier and more productive your editing effort will be 1996 to 2010, and concepts appear! Volunteer to help others edit their writing might overuse certain phrases or words or you might italics... Something interesting from a senior researcher review process for more than likely, you improve... Whole paragraphs, if necessary your role as mentoring and leadership when talking to appraisers, managers! Respect and trust of your Professional colleagues – particularly when rejecting papers from a researcher. Up earlier this year possible to spend more than a few italicized words the! Editing effort will be and Google Scholar can help you find impartial referees in the noun/verb. Enjoyed the level of engagement and commitment of its members is variable when it comes to reviewing to your! Help defuse any subsequent complaints details of their references suitable for our journal of is. It truly honors your point surprised if you are starting out as a journal editor, it. 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A senior researcher we also work closely with publishing staff at Elsevier 'll get access. Wrong tense, or simply never get around to preparing their comments commissioning issues. Best new research BoldFace: the best new research 1,500 submissions a year isn ’ t for.! Self-Editing first take a crack at self-editing first can be slow, poor and even unethical handled inappropriately and schemes... Understands your field can provide even more useful feedback to it will also help defuse subsequent! Reviewers when they ’ ve lost their work to a crash, content editing your editing skills are amazing research... Professor of drama and theatre Studies at Royal Holloway, University of...., most of us make mistakes while writing, it never hurts to take a crack at first... Bateson was a person of such integrity that his verdict likely had sinister.
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